There have been Church of England Chaplaincies in Europe since the 16th century, mainly in the major capital cities and ports. These catered for English speaking merchants, travelers and sailors. In 1842 the situation was regularized by the formation of what is now called the Diocese in Europe. Our Bishops live in England and the main cathedral is in Gibraltar.
This vast diocese stretches from Scandinavia in the north to the Canaries in the south and includes countries as far afield as Outer Mongolia, Russia, Turkey and Morocco. There are some 120 full-time priests in the Diocese and many more part-time in summer chaplaincies etc. They cater for the spiritual needs of English speaking residents and visitors, a growing number of permanent residents due to inter-marriage with English speaking people and also some who are attracted to the liturgical worship and theology of Anglicanism which offers a familiar style of worship coupled with a degree of freedom from dogmatism.
There are also eight chaplaincies in Europe, including the cathedral in Paris, which are part of the American Episcopal Church. The Episcopal Church of Spain and the Lusitanian Church of Portugal have recently become parts of the Anglican Communion.
Thus there are four overlapping Anglican jurisdictions on mainland Europe. This anomalous situation which is due to historic accident cannot continue. Currently there are moves towards the forming of a separate Province of Europe which would incorporate all four jurisdictions.
In the meantime, each of the Bishops has been made an assistant Bishop of each others Churches. This is an interim solution only.
There are other Churches in Europe who are in full communion with the Church of England but are, not part of it. These are the Old Catholic Churches, and the Churches of Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland, Lithuania and Latvia. This latter group of Churches are Lutheran in origin.